Phase decrease corresponds to the clockwise rotation on the Smith Chart. On the Smith Chart, obtaining ( d) from L means keeping the magnitude, Γ L, constant and decreasing the phase by 2 β d. Note that the phase-shifted load reflection coefficient has the same magnitude as the load reflection coefficient, but the phase of ( d) is shifted by relative to the phase of L. We refer to ( d) as the phase-shifted load reflection coefficient. The load reflection coefficient can be expressed in terms of its magnitude and angle as Where ( d) is the voltage reflection coefficient at any location d, away from the load, and can be expressed in terms of the load reflection coefficient as
Recall from : The input impedance to the line at any location d away from the load can be obtained from In either model, the input impedance to the line at any location is always calculated looking towards the load.
Figure 2: Circuit Model 2: the load located at d = 0 and the source at d = L
